600 lines
17 KiB
Groff
600 lines
17 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" CDDL HEADER START
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.\"
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.\" The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
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.\" Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
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.\" You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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.\" You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
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.\" information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
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.\" CDDL HEADER END
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.\"
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2007, Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2012, 2018 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2012 Cyril Plisko. All Rights Reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2017 Datto Inc.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2018 George Melikov. All Rights Reserved.
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.\" Copyright 2017 Nexenta Systems, Inc.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2017 Open-E, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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.\"
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.Dd August 9, 2019
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.Dt ZPOOL 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm zpool
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.Nd configure ZFS storage pools
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Fl ?V
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.Nm
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.Cm version
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.Nm
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.Cm <subcommand>
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.Op Ar <args>
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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command configures ZFS storage pools.
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A storage pool is a collection of devices that provides physical storage and
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data replication for ZFS datasets.
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All datasets within a storage pool share the same space.
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See
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.Xr zfs 8
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for information on managing datasets.
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.Pp
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For an overview of creating and managing ZFS storage pools see the
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.Xr zpoolconcepts 8
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manual page.
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.Sh SUBCOMMANDS
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All subcommands that modify state are logged persistently to the pool in their
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original form.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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command provides subcommands to create and destroy storage pools, add capacity
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to storage pools, and provide information about the storage pools.
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The following subcommands are supported:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xo
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.Nm
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.Fl ?
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.Xc
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Displays a help message.
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.It Xo
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.Nm
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.Fl V, -version
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.Xc
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An alias for the
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.Nm zpool Cm version
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subcommand.
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.It Xo
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.Nm
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.Cm version
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.Xc
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Displays the software version of the
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.Nm
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userland utility and the zfs kernel module.
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.El
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.Ss Creation
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xr zpool-create 8
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Creates a new storage pool containing the virtual devices specified on the
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command line.
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.It Xr zpool-initialize 8
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Begins initializing by writing to all unallocated regions on the specified
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devices, or all eligible devices in the pool if no individual devices are
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specified.
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.El
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.Ss Destruction
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xr zpool-destroy 8
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Destroys the given pool, freeing up any devices for other use.
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.It Xr zpool-labelclear 8
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Removes ZFS label information from the specified
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.Ar device .
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.El
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.Ss Virtual Devices
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xo
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.Xr zpool-attach 8 /
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.Xr zpool-detach 8
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.Xc
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Increases or decreases redundancy by
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.Cm attach Ns -ing or
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.Cm detach Ns -ing a device on an existing vdev (virtual device).
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.It Xo
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.Xr zpool-add 8 /
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.Xr zpool-remove 8
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.Xc
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Adds the specified virtual devices to the given pool,
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or removes the specified device from the pool.
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.It Xr zpool-replace 8
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Replaces an existing device (which may be faulted) with a new one.
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.It Xr zpool-split 8
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Creates a new pool by splitting all mirrors in an existing pool (which decreases its redundancy).
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.El
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.Ss Properties
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Available pool properties listed in the
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.Xr zpoolprops 8
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manual page.
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xr zpool-list 8
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Lists the given pools along with a health status and space usage.
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.It Xo
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.Xr zpool-get 8 /
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.Xr zpool-set 8
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.Xc
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Retrieves the given list of properties
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.Po
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or all properties if
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.Sy all
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is used
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.Pc
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for the specified storage pool(s).
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.El
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.Ss Monitoring
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xr zpool-status 8
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Displays the detailed health status for the given pools.
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.It Xr zpool-iostat 8
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Displays logical I/O statistics for the given pools/vdevs. Physical I/Os may
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be observed via
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.Xr iostat 1 .
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.It Xr zpool-events 8
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Lists all recent events generated by the ZFS kernel modules. These events
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are consumed by the
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.Xr zed 8
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and used to automate administrative tasks such as replacing a failed device
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with a hot spare. For more information about the subclasses and event payloads
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that can be generated see the
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.Xr zfs-events 5
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man page.
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.It Xr zpool-history 8
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Displays the command history of the specified pool(s) or all pools if no pool is
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specified.
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.El
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.Ss Maintenance
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xr zpool-scrub 8
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Begins a scrub or resumes a paused scrub.
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.It Xr zpool-checkpoint 8
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Checkpoints the current state of
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.Ar pool
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, which can be later restored by
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.Nm zpool Cm import --rewind-to-checkpoint .
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.It Xr zpool-trim 8
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Initiates an immediate on-demand TRIM operation for all of the free space in
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a pool. This operation informs the underlying storage devices of all blocks
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in the pool which are no longer allocated and allows thinly provisioned
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devices to reclaim the space.
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.It Xr zpool-sync 8
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This command forces all in-core dirty data to be written to the primary
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pool storage and not the ZIL. It will also update administrative
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information including quota reporting. Without arguments,
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.Sy zpool sync
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will sync all pools on the system. Otherwise, it will sync only the
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specified pool(s).
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.It Xr zpool-upgrade 8
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Manage the on-disk format version of storage pools.
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.It Xr zpool-wait 8
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Waits until all background activity of the given types has ceased in the given
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pool.
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.El
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.Ss Fault Resolution
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xo
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.Xr zpool-offline 8
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.Xr zpool-online 8
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.Xc
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Takes the specified physical device offline or brings it online.
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.It Xr zpool-resilver 8
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Starts a resilver. If an existing resilver is already running it will be
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restarted from the beginning.
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.It Xr zpool-reopen 8
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Reopen all the vdevs associated with the pool.
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.It Xr zpool-clear 8
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Clears device errors in a pool.
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.El
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.Ss Import & Export
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xr zpool-import 8
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Make disks containing ZFS storage pools available for use on the system.
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.It Xr zpool-export 8
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Exports the given pools from the system.
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.It Xr zpool-reguid 8
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Generates a new unique identifier for the pool.
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.El
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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The following exit values are returned:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Sy 0
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Successful completion.
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.It Sy 1
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An error occurred.
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.It Sy 2
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Invalid command line options were specified.
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Sy Example 1 No Creating a RAID-Z Storage Pool
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The following command creates a pool with a single raidz root vdev that
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consists of six disks.
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool create tank raidz sda sdb sdc sdd sde sdf
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 2 No Creating a Mirrored Storage Pool
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The following command creates a pool with two mirrors, where each mirror
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contains two disks.
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool create tank mirror sda sdb mirror sdc sdd
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 3 No Creating a ZFS Storage Pool by Using Partitions
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The following command creates an unmirrored pool using two disk partitions.
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool create tank sda1 sdb2
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 4 No Creating a ZFS Storage Pool by Using Files
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The following command creates an unmirrored pool using files.
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While not recommended, a pool based on files can be useful for experimental
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purposes.
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool create tank /path/to/file/a /path/to/file/b
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 5 No Adding a Mirror to a ZFS Storage Pool
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The following command adds two mirrored disks to the pool
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.Em tank ,
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assuming the pool is already made up of two-way mirrors.
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The additional space is immediately available to any datasets within the pool.
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool add tank mirror sda sdb
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 6 No Listing Available ZFS Storage Pools
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The following command lists all available pools on the system.
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In this case, the pool
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.Em zion
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is faulted due to a missing device.
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The results from this command are similar to the following:
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool list
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NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT
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rpool 19.9G 8.43G 11.4G - 33% 42% 1.00x ONLINE -
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tank 61.5G 20.0G 41.5G - 48% 32% 1.00x ONLINE -
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zion - - - - - - - FAULTED -
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 7 No Destroying a ZFS Storage Pool
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The following command destroys the pool
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.Em tank
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and any datasets contained within.
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool destroy -f tank
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 8 No Exporting a ZFS Storage Pool
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The following command exports the devices in pool
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.Em tank
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so that they can be relocated or later imported.
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool export tank
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 9 No Importing a ZFS Storage Pool
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The following command displays available pools, and then imports the pool
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.Em tank
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for use on the system.
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The results from this command are similar to the following:
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool import
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pool: tank
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id: 15451357997522795478
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state: ONLINE
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action: The pool can be imported using its name or numeric identifier.
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config:
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tank ONLINE
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mirror ONLINE
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sda ONLINE
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sdb ONLINE
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# zpool import tank
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 10 No Upgrading All ZFS Storage Pools to the Current Version
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The following command upgrades all ZFS Storage pools to the current version of
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the software.
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool upgrade -a
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This system is currently running ZFS version 2.
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 11 No Managing Hot Spares
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The following command creates a new pool with an available hot spare:
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool create tank mirror sda sdb spare sdc
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.Ed
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.Pp
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If one of the disks were to fail, the pool would be reduced to the degraded
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state.
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The failed device can be replaced using the following command:
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool replace tank sda sdd
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Once the data has been resilvered, the spare is automatically removed and is
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made available for use should another device fail.
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The hot spare can be permanently removed from the pool using the following
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command:
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool remove tank sdc
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 12 No Creating a ZFS Pool with Mirrored Separate Intent Logs
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The following command creates a ZFS storage pool consisting of two, two-way
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mirrors and mirrored log devices:
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool create pool mirror sda sdb mirror sdc sdd log mirror \\
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sde sdf
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 13 No Adding Cache Devices to a ZFS Pool
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The following command adds two disks for use as cache devices to a ZFS storage
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pool:
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool add pool cache sdc sdd
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Once added, the cache devices gradually fill with content from main memory.
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Depending on the size of your cache devices, it could take over an hour for
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them to fill.
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Capacity and reads can be monitored using the
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.Cm iostat
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option as follows:
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool iostat -v pool 5
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 14 No Removing a Mirrored top-level (Log or Data) Device
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The following commands remove the mirrored log device
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.Sy mirror-2
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and mirrored top-level data device
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.Sy mirror-1 .
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.Pp
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Given this configuration:
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.Bd -literal
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pool: tank
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state: ONLINE
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scrub: none requested
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config:
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NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
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tank ONLINE 0 0 0
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mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
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sda ONLINE 0 0 0
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sdb ONLINE 0 0 0
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mirror-1 ONLINE 0 0 0
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sdc ONLINE 0 0 0
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sdd ONLINE 0 0 0
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logs
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mirror-2 ONLINE 0 0 0
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sde ONLINE 0 0 0
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sdf ONLINE 0 0 0
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The command to remove the mirrored log
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.Sy mirror-2
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is:
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool remove tank mirror-2
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The command to remove the mirrored data
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.Sy mirror-1
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is:
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool remove tank mirror-1
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 15 No Displaying expanded space on a device
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The following command displays the detailed information for the pool
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.Em data .
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This pool is comprised of a single raidz vdev where one of its devices
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increased its capacity by 10GB.
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In this example, the pool will not be able to utilize this extra capacity until
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all the devices under the raidz vdev have been expanded.
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool list -v data
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NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT
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data 23.9G 14.6G 9.30G - 48% 61% 1.00x ONLINE -
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raidz1 23.9G 14.6G 9.30G - 48%
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sda - - - - -
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sdb - - - 10G -
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sdc - - - - -
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.Ed
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.It Sy Example 16 No Adding output columns
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Additional columns can be added to the
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.Nm zpool Cm status
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and
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.Nm zpool Cm iostat
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output with
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.Fl c
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option.
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.Bd -literal
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# zpool status -c vendor,model,size
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NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM vendor model size
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tank ONLINE 0 0 0
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mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
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U1 ONLINE 0 0 0 SEAGATE ST8000NM0075 7.3T
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U10 ONLINE 0 0 0 SEAGATE ST8000NM0075 7.3T
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U11 ONLINE 0 0 0 SEAGATE ST8000NM0075 7.3T
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U12 ONLINE 0 0 0 SEAGATE ST8000NM0075 7.3T
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U13 ONLINE 0 0 0 SEAGATE ST8000NM0075 7.3T
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U14 ONLINE 0 0 0 SEAGATE ST8000NM0075 7.3T
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# zpool iostat -vc size
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capacity operations bandwidth
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pool alloc free read write read write size
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---------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----
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rpool 14.6G 54.9G 4 55 250K 2.69M
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sda1 14.6G 54.9G 4 55 250K 2.69M 70G
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---------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----
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.Ed
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.El
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
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.Bl -tag -width "ZFS_ABORT"
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.It Ev ZFS_ABORT
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Cause
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.Nm zpool
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to dump core on exit for the purposes of running
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.Sy ::findleaks .
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.El
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.Bl -tag -width "ZFS_COLOR"
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.It Ev ZFS_COLOR
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Use ANSI color in
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.Nm zpool status
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output.
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.El
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.Bl -tag -width "ZPOOL_IMPORT_PATH"
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.It Ev ZPOOL_IMPORT_PATH
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The search path for devices or files to use with the pool. This is a colon-separated list of directories in which
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.Nm zpool
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looks for device nodes and files.
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Similar to the
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.Fl d
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option in
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.Nm zpool import .
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.El
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.Bl -tag -width "ZPOOL_IMPORT_UDEV_TIMEOUT_MS"
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.It Ev ZPOOL_IMPORT_UDEV_TIMEOUT_MS
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The maximum time in milliseconds that
|
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.Nm zpool import
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will wait for an expected device to be available.
|
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.El
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.Bl -tag -width "ZPOOL_STATUS_NON_NATIVE_ASHIFT_IGNORE"
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|
.It Ev ZPOOL_STATUS_NON_NATIVE_ASHIFT_IGNORE
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If set, suppress warning about non-native vdev ashift in
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.Nm zpool status .
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The value is not used, only the presence or absence of the variable matters.
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.El
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.Bl -tag -width "ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_GUID"
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|
.It Ev ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_GUID
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Cause
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.Nm zpool
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subcommands to output vdev guids by default. This behavior is identical to the
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.Nm zpool status -g
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|
command line option.
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.El
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.Bl -tag -width "ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_FOLLOW_LINKS"
|
|
.It Ev ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_FOLLOW_LINKS
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|
Cause
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.Nm zpool
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|
subcommands to follow links for vdev names by default. This behavior is identical to the
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.Nm zpool status -L
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command line option.
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.El
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.Bl -tag -width "ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH"
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.It Ev ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH
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|
Cause
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.Nm zpool
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subcommands to output full vdev path names by default. This
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behavior is identical to the
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.Nm zpool status -P
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|
command line option.
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.El
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|
.Bl -tag -width "ZFS_VDEV_DEVID_OPT_OUT"
|
|
.It Ev ZFS_VDEV_DEVID_OPT_OUT
|
|
Older OpenZFS implementations had issues when attempting to display pool
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config VDEV names if a
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.Sy devid
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|
NVP value is present in the pool's config.
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.Pp
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|
For example, a pool that originated on illumos platform would have a devid
|
|
value in the config and
|
|
.Nm zpool status
|
|
would fail when listing the config.
|
|
This would also be true for future Linux based pools.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A pool can be stripped of any
|
|
.Sy devid
|
|
values on import or prevented from adding
|
|
them on
|
|
.Nm zpool create
|
|
or
|
|
.Nm zpool add
|
|
by setting
|
|
.Sy ZFS_VDEV_DEVID_OPT_OUT .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "ZPOOL_SCRIPTS_AS_ROOT"
|
|
.It Ev ZPOOL_SCRIPTS_AS_ROOT
|
|
Allow a privileged user to run the
|
|
.Nm zpool status/iostat
|
|
with the
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
option. Normally, only unprivileged users are allowed to run
|
|
.Fl c .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "ZPOOL_SCRIPTS_PATH"
|
|
.It Ev ZPOOL_SCRIPTS_PATH
|
|
The search path for scripts when running
|
|
.Nm zpool status/iostat
|
|
with the
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
option. This is a colon-separated list of directories and overrides the default
|
|
.Pa ~/.zpool.d
|
|
and
|
|
.Pa /etc/zfs/zpool.d
|
|
search paths.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "ZPOOL_SCRIPTS_ENABLED"
|
|
.It Ev ZPOOL_SCRIPTS_ENABLED
|
|
Allow a user to run
|
|
.Nm zpool status/iostat
|
|
with the
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
option. If
|
|
.Sy ZPOOL_SCRIPTS_ENABLED
|
|
is not set, it is assumed that the user is allowed to run
|
|
.Nm zpool status/iostat -c .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh INTERFACE STABILITY
|
|
.Sy Evolving
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr zfs-events 5 ,
|
|
.Xr zfs-module-parameters 5 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-features 5 ,
|
|
.Xr zed 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zfs 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-add 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-attach 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-checkpoint 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-clear 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-create 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-destroy 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-detach 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-events 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-export 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-get 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-history 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-import 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-initialize 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-iostat 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-labelclear 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-list 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-offline 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-online 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-reguid 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-remove 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-reopen 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-replace 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-resilver 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-scrub 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-set 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-split 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-status 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-sync 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-trim 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-upgrade 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpool-wait 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpoolconcepts 8 ,
|
|
.Xr zpoolprops 8
|